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Farnsworth, S. D., & Seigel, R. A. , Simultaneous effects of a ranavirus outbreak on box turtles (terrapene carolina) and amphibians - abstract. Unpublished paper presented at Program and Abstracts of the Tenth Annual Symposium on the Conservation and Biology of Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles. 
Added by: Admin (06 Jan 2014 18:22:47 UTC)
Resource type: Conference Paper
BibTeX citation key: Farnsworth2012a
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Categories: General
Keywords: Amphibien - amphibians, Emydidae, Habitat - habitat, Nordamerika - North America, Schildkröten - turtles + tortoises, Terrapene carolina, Veterinärmedizin - veterinary medicine, Viren - viruses
Creators: Farnsworth, Seigel
Collection: Program and Abstracts of the Tenth Annual Symposium on the Conservation and Biology of Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles
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Abstract     
Reports of outbreaks of viral disease due to Ranavirus are becoming increasingly common, especially for amphibians, but reports of impacts on turtles have also appeared in the literature. Unfortunately, information on the timing, extent, and frequency of occurrence of such outbreaks on turtles remain limited, due to the transitory nature of the disease and how rapidly death may occur. From 2008-2011, we studied the ecology and movement patterns of Eastern Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina) at North Branch Rock Creek Park in south-central Maryland. The first mortality from Ranavirus was seen at our study site in August 2009, when we found seven turtles dead in the field and two turtles with apparent signs of disease. Since that time, more than 20 additional turtles have been found dead at our site. Results of inspection of 12 fresh carcasses sent to the USGS Wildlife Lab confirmed that 10 were positive for Ranavirus. Although no unusual amphibian mortality was seen in 2008 or 2009, during the early spring of 2010, we began examining larval frogs (Rana sylvatica) and salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) for signs of Ranavirus infection as well. We found multiple vernal pools where an apparent 100% of larval amphibians were infected with Ranavirus, later confirmed by the USGS Wildlife Lab. Mortality at these sites was an effective 100%. We found the same pattern of infection and subsequent complete mortality among larval amphibians during spring 2011 at these and additional sites. The simultaneous impact of Ranavirus on amphibians and Box Turtles at the same site suggests a potential link, but the mechanism for this remains poorly understood. The long-term impact of viral disease on our Box Turtle and amphibian populations is not clear. Based on mortality rates calculated from Box Turtles equipped with radio-transmitters, the adult survival rate in our population is too low for the population to remain viable. However, whether the impact of Ranavirus will continue after 2011 is not known.
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