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Spinks, P. Q., & Shaffer, H. B. , Conservation phylogenetics of the asian box turtles (geoemydidae, cuora): inferences from multiple nuclear loci. Paper presented at Turtle Survival Alliance 2006 Annual Meeting.
Added by: Admin (13 Dec 2008 22:23:56 UTC) |
| Resource type: Proceedings Article BibTeX citation key: Spinks2006 View all bibliographic details  |
Categories: General Keywords: Cuora, Cuora galbinifrons, Cuora mccordi, Cuora pani, Cuora trifasciata, Cuora yunnanensis, Cuora zhoui, Genetik = genetics, Geoemydidae, Schildkröten = turtles + tortoises, Systematik = taxonomy Creators: Shaffer, Spinks Collection: Turtle Survival Alliance 2006 Annual Meeting |
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| Abstract |
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Asian box turtles (genus Cuora, family Geoemydidae) comprise a clade of 12 aquatic and semiaquatic nominate species distributed across southern China and southeast Asia. Over the last two decades, turtles throughout Asia have been harvested at an unsustainable rate to satisfy demands for food, traditional Chinese medicine, and the pet trade. Consequently, all species of Cuora were recently placed on the IUCN Red List, and nine are currently listed as critically endangered by the IUCN and CITES. We compiled a 69-specimen, mitochondrial (~ 1650 base pairs (bp) from two mitochondrial genes) and 36-specimen nuclear (~ 3100 bp, three introns) DNA data set to reconstruct the phylogeny of Cuora species and to assess genetic diversity and species boundaries for several of the most problematic taxa. Our sampling included 23 C. trifasciata, 17 C. zhoui and 2-4 individuals of the remaining 10 species of Cuora (except C. yunnanensis, one individual). Maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses all recovered similar, well resolved trees. Within the Cuora clade, mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data indicated that both C. zhoui and C. mccordi represent old lineages with little or no history of interspecific gene flow, suggesting that they are good genealogical species. Cuora pani was paraphyletic, and C. trifasciata was composed of two highly divergent lineages that were not each other’s closest relatives. One of these lineages was closely-related to C. pani and might be the result of mitochondrial introgression while the other fell out with the C. galbinifrons species complex and likely represents the correct phylogenetic position of this endangered taxon. Our results imply that captive “assurance colonies” of both C. trifasciata and C. pani should be genotyped and these newly-discovered distinct lineages should be managed as distinct taxa until final taxonomic resolution is reached for these critically endangered species.
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