Literaturdatenbank
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Werneburg, I. (2011). The cranial musculature of turtles. Palaeontologia Electronica, 14(2), 99 pp.
Added by: Admin (06 Jan 2014 18:25:30 UTC) |
| Resource type: Journal Article BibTeX citation key: anon2011.15762 View all bibliographic details  |
Categories: General Keywords: Chelidae, Emydura subglobosa, Morphologie - morphology, Schildkröten - turtles + tortoises, Systematik - taxonomy Creators: Werneburg Collection: Palaeontologia Electronica |
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| URLs palaeo-electronica ... 1_2/254/index.html |
| Abstract |
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Up to this date, no clear common reference system for muscle nomenclature in vertebrates exists due to 1. human medical anatomy dominated traditions, 2. typological, ‘box-like’ approaches, and 3. simplifications based on the taxonomic and topographical focus of the respective authors. Hence, a large terminological and homologisation confusion in the literature is recognisable, hindering evolutionary and developmental analyses. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the cranial musculature is presented, in which more than 100 references on cranium-associated musculature of turtles were critically reviewed. Following a new traceable approach to muscular terminology, a set of 88 adult ‘muscular units’ – the smallest parts of macroscopic muscular structures – were identified across turtle species, exemplarily demonstrated in a side-necked turtle. For example, the homology of jaw muscle portions and that of epaxial and hypaxial muscular structures are defined by a comprehensive consideration of criteria such as innervation, spatial characteristics, and ontogeny. Adult muscle arrangement variability among specimens, fusions of muscular units, and drop-like apoptosis are recorded. These phenomena are the result of a fluid pattern formation – first driven by neural crest stream patterning in ontogeny. Considering this fact of ontogeny, a new discussion of the evolutionary history of turtles and of particular cranial structures is possible. Emydura subglobosa
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